What approvals has this study received?

This study was reviewed and approved by an independent ethics committee and other organisations with responsibilities for NHS patients and research involving the NHS as listed below:

• Northern and Yorkshire Multicentre Research Ethics Committee;
• Section 251 approval from Patient Information Advisory Group (PIAG) and the National Information Governance Board (NIGB), predecessors of the Confidentiality Advisory Group CAG);
• Research & Development approval from the NHS Trusts managing all hospitals involved in the study.